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2.2 漫反射环境贴图的生成

2.2.1 球坐标积分

将立体角转换为球坐标

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vec3 irradiance = vec3(0.0);  

// tangent space calculation from origin point(x'=up, y'=N, z'=left)(left-hand)
vec3 up    = vec3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0);   //x'
vec3 left = cross(up, N);			//z'
up         = cross(N, left);		//x'

float sampleDelta = 0.025;
float nrSamples = 0.0; 
for(float phi = 0.0; phi < 2.0 * PI; phi += sampleDelta)
{
    for(float theta = 0.0; theta < 0.5 * PI; theta += sampleDelta)
    {
        float cosTheta = cos(theta);
        float sinTheta = sin(theta);
    
        // spherical to cartesian (in tangent space)
        vec3 tangentSample = vec3(cos(phi) * sinTheta, cosTheta, sin(phi) * sinTheta);
        // tangent space to world
        vec3 sampleVec = tangentSample.x * up + tangentSample.y * N + tangentSample.z * left; 

        irradiance += texture(environmentMap, sampleVec).rgb * cosTheta * sinTheta;
        nrSamples++;
    }
}
irradiance = PI * irradiance * float(nrSamples);

2.2.2 蒙特卡洛估算

使用蒙特卡洛采样估算积分

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vec3 irradiance = vec3(0.0);  

vec3 up = vec3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0); //x'
vec3 left = cross(up, N);	//z'
up = cross(N, left);	//x'

for(uint i=0; i<sampleCounts; i++)
{
    //http://holger.dammertz.org/stuff/notes_HammersleyOnHemisphere.html
    vec2 uv = Hammersley(i, totalCounts);

    // tangent space sample point
    float phi = uv.y * 2.0 * PI;
    float cosTheta = 1.0 - uv.x;
    float sinTheta = sqrt(1-cosTheta*cosTheta);
    vec3 tangentSample = vec3(cos(phi) * sinTheta, cosTheta, sin(phi) * sinTheta);

    // tangent space to world
    vec3 sampleVec = tangentSample.x * up + tangentSample.y * N + tangentSample.z * left; 

    irradiance += texture2D(s_texSkybox, sampleVec).rgb * cosTheta;
}

irradiance = 2*irradiance / float(sampleCounts);
`,1)]))}const o=c(t,[["render",e],["__file","ibl_01.html.vue"]]),p=JSON.parse('{"path":"/note/graphics/image_based_lighting/ibl_01.html","title":"环境光渲染(一）","lang":"zh-CN","frontmatter":{},"headers":[{"level":2,"title":"1. 定义","slug":"_1-定义","link":"#_1-定义","children":[]},{"level":2,"title":"2.漫反射部分","slug":"_2-漫反射部分","link":"#_2-漫反射部分","children":[{"level":3,"title":"2.1 原理","slug":"_2-1-原理","link":"#_2-1-原理","children":[]},{"level":3,"title":"2.2 漫反射环境贴图的生成","slug":"_2-2-漫反射环境贴图的生成","link":"#_2-2-漫反射环境贴图的生成","children":[]}]}],"git":{"updatedTime":1740315113000,"contributors":[{"name":"thejinchao","username":"thejinchao","email":"thejinchao@gmail.com","commits":2,"url":"https://github.com/thejinchao"}]},"filePathRelative":"note/graphics/image_based_lighting/ibl_01.md"}');export{o as comp,p as data};